| The Public Paperfolding History Project
Last updated 4/3/2026 x |
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| Cours Normal de Travail Manuel, 3rd Revised Edition, by P Martin, 1894 | |||||||
The Third Revised Edition of 'Cours Normal de Travail Manuel' by P Martin was published by Armand Colin et ces Editeurs in Paris in 1894. It contains considerable paperfolding material which did not appear in the first edition. Inter alia the Preface states: 'it seems that the period of trial and error, through which all new things pass, is over with regard to manual education. It has been recognised that it is neither possible nor desirable for all elementary schools to be equipped with a workshop for iron and wood. In 1891 a commission established to prepare a curriculum for teaching manual work in the primary schools of Paris clearly distinguished between schools without workshops and schools equipped with one. It developed for the former a complete program in which the handling of paper, cardboard, wire etc gives rise to a sufficient number of educational exercises, with a progression easily established ... ' and '... a decree of the Minister of Public Instruction dated January 3rd 1891 ... modified the programs of normal schools ...' accordingly. A copy of this decree was included at the end of the Preface (and is reproduced below). It provides for the first year of teaching to include: 'Weaving, folding, cutting and cardboard work related to the teaching of drawing, geometric shapes, and arithmetic' as well as 'Binding and boxing a book'. Details of the first edition can be found here. A full copy of the third edition can be accessed online here. **********
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********** Analysis Pliage de bandelettes (strip folding) Folded Letters
********** Strip Folded Geometric Designs - Verschnuren
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********** Pliage du papier Footnote 1 on p20 says that: 'The following summary instructions are only a kind or rerminder ; the full explanation will be found in our L'Annee prepatoire de travail manuel.' Where no illustration is given I have therefore relied on that earlier work to identify the design. Chapeau de gendarme - The Newspaper Hat
********** Mitre persane - The Mitre
********** Bonnet carre - Le Bonnet Carre
********** Vide-poches No illustration given but by comparison with 'L'annee preparatoire' clearly The Wall Pocket ********** Bonnet de police No illustration given but by comparison with 'L'annee preparatoire' clearly The Pyramidal Hat ********** Petit bateau No illustration of finished fold but clearly The Paper Boat
********** Boite de patissier No illustration of finished fold but clearly The Pattisserie Box
********** Bateau a fond plat No illustration of finished fold but by comparison with 'L'annee preparatoire' clearly The Flat Bottomed Boat ********** Bonnet de police No illustration of finished fold but by comparison with 'L'annee preparatoire' clearly The Pattiserie Box Hat ********** La table - The Table
********** Le moulin No illustration of finished fold but by comparison with 'L'annee preparatoire' clearly The Windmill ********** La saliere No illustration of finished fold but by comparison with 'L'annee preparatoire' clearly The Salt Cellar ********** Le vide-poches No illustration of finished fold but by comparison with 'L'annee preparatoire' clearly The Pepperpot ********** Les etoiles No illustration of finished fold but by comparison with 'L'annee preparatoire' clearly Four Points / Four Kites and The Diagonal Cross. ********** Le berceau No illustration of finished fold but by comparison with 'L'annee preparatoire' clearly The Boat with Sail ********** La cocotte - The Cocotte / Pajarita
********** La double pirogue No illustration of finished fold but by comparison with 'L'annee preparatoire' clearly The Double Boat ********** Bateau a voiles No illustration of finished fold but by comparison with 'L'annee preparatoire' clearly The Double Boat with Sail ********** Serviette d'avocat - The Junk Box (squashed)
********** Boite careee No illustration of finished fold but by comparison with 'L'annee preparatoire' clearly The Junk Box ********** Glace No illustration of finished fold but by comparison with 'L'annee preparatoire' clearly The Looking Glass ********** Gondole - The Chinese Junk
********** Soufflet - The Bellows
********** Boite cubique ou prison a mouches - The Waterbomb
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********** Decoupage du papier
********** This section refers to making etoiles from paper strips, by folding and by folding and cutting but does not give instructions for making any specific designs.
********** Rose des vents (compass rose) This section illustrates a folded octagonal decoration and says: 'Cut out a polygon with sides twice the length of the one you want to obtain; fold all the medians; fold by bringing to the centre of the figure either the midpoints of the sides ... or the vertices of the octagon ... to obtain fig. 32. Flatten the points and leave four non-consecutive ones above.'
********** Decoupage symetriques (not integrated)
********** Cartonnage / Cardboard Modelling Instructions are given for making a cuboid, a skew pyramid and a cylinder.
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