| The Public Paperfolding History Project
Last updated 19/8/2025 x |
|||||||
| Pliage et Decoupage du Papier by C Savineau, 1897 | |||||||
'Pliage et Decoupage du Papier' by C Savineau was published by Librairie Hatchette et Cie in Paris in 1897. I have not seen a full copy of this work. The information about the contents of the work on this page was kindly provided by Michel Grand. A full translation into Spanish was published in the Argentinean educational journal El Monitor between 1898 and 1900. The material in many of the exercises in the work had previously been published under the name of Jean Marteau in the journal 'Manuel General de L'Instruction Primaire' during the years 1893/5. ********** This work is mentioned in Gershon Legman's 'Bibliography of Paperfolding' which was published in 1952.
**********
********** Analysis This Analysis concentrates solely on paperfolding and largely ignores the mathematics the paperfolding is used to explain. The work contains 83 exercises. Many of these, however, do not contain substantive paperfolding material. The title and subtitle of each exercise are given below. Since I have not had access to the full original work, most of the illustrations are taken from the articles published in 'El Monitor del Education'. ********** 1 Pavillon de marine : Signal Q – Le carré How to obtain a square from an oblong.
********** 2 Pavillon de marine : Signal K – Médiane du carré How to make a simple flag by folding a square in half edge to edge and cutting it into two parts. ********** 3 Pavillon de marine : Signal L – Les médianes du carré How to make a simple flag by folding a square in half edge to edge both ways and cutting it into four parts. ********** 4 Guidon de marine : Signal B – Diagonales du carré How to fold the diagonals of the square to create a 'guidon de marine' ********** 5 Pavillon de marine : Signal N – Surface du carré How to fold a square into eighths in both directions and using the resulting grid to create a flag. ********** 6 1er motif de parquet – Carrés concentriques How to fold a square into a grid of successively smaller concentric squares.
********** 7 Pavillon de marine : Signal P – Surface évidée How to cut a square hole in the centre of a square.
********** 8 2e motif de parquet – Partage d’une droite en 2, 4 et 8 parties égales How to fold a square to obtain a crease pattern that has squares of diminishing size in each corner.
********** 9 Pavillon de marine : Signal R – Surface évidée How to construct a flag with a cross in the centre. ********** 10 3e motif de parquet – Distance de 2 parallèles How to fold a square to obtain a crease pattern that has right angle isosceles triangles of diminishing side in each quadrant.
********** 11 Pavillon de marine : Signal M – Surface évidée How to construct a flag with a diagonal cross in the centre. ********** 12 Etoile à 4 pointes – Différentes positions des droites How to fold the crease pattern for a four-pointed star.
********** 13 Etoile à 4 pointes – Les 3 sortes d’angles - The Simple Fold and Cut Four-Pointed Star How to use the crease pattern to create a cut four-pointed star.
********** 14 Filtre – Somme des angles autour d’un point - The Paper Filter How to fold a paper filter.
********** 15 Pavillon de marine : Signal J – Partage d’une droite en 3 parties égales - Division into Thirds How to divide a square into equal thirds by trial and error.
********** 16 Pavillon de marine : Signal W – Comparaison de lignes et de surfaces How to make a flag consisting of concentric squares. ********** 17 Pièce de carrelage – Carré motié d’un autre carré How to blintz a square ********** 18 Carreau de revêtement – Carré double d’un autre carré How to construct a square which is double (or half) the area of another. ********** 19 Croix encadrée – Carrés double et moitié de l’autre - The Framed Cross How to fold the Framed Cross, which is a simple Froebelian Fold of Life.
********** 20 Moulin – Calcul par différence - The Windmill How to fold the Windmill
********** 21 Croix en relief – Exercice de révision - The Diagonal Cross How to fold the Diagonal Cross, a square decoration developed from the Windmill.
The background folded in exercise 34 can also be attached to this design. ********** 22 Sachet de pharmacien – Le rectangle - The Rectangular Packet How to fold the Rectangular Packet
********** 23 Drapeau marchand de l’Espagne – Surface du rectangle How to create a flag with five horizontal stripes. ********** 24 Cadre rectangulaire – Calcul de surfaces rectangulaires - The Decorative Frame How to fold the Decorative Frame.
********** 25 Pavillons nationaux France et Hollande – Egalité et équivalence How to make the French and Dutch flags. ********** 26 Pavillons étrangers Rép Dominicaine+Russie (guerre) – Médianes et diagonales du rect How to make flags with standard and diagonal crosses. ********** 27 Etiquette pour étalage – Le parallélogramme How to fold a parallelogram from an oblong
********** 28 Fragment de marqueterie – Surface du parallélogramme How to cut a parallelogram into two, turn it into a rectangle of equal area and then use both pieces to create a picture of a cuboid (which can function as an optical illusion).
********** 29 Panneau de boiserie – Le losange - How to Construct Rhombi by Folding Paper How to fold a rhombus from a square.
********** 30 Etiquette de fantaisie – Surface du losange - How to Construct Rhombi by Folding Paper How to fold a rhombus from an oblong.
********** 31 Losanges en rosace – Partage de l’angle droit - Four Rhombi How to fold the Interlocking Square, a square decoration developed from the Windmill Base.
The background folded in exercise 34 can also be attached to this design. ********** 32 Bateau double – Le trapèze - The Double Boat How to fold the Double Boat and how to lay two together to create a parallelogram.
********** 33 Croix grecque – Trapèze rectangle - Folded Paper Tiles How to create a Greek Cross from simple quadrilateral tiles.
********** 34 Rosace à 4 branches – Les quadrilatères - Four Kites How to fold Four Kites, a square decoration developed from the Windmill Base. A second square is used to create a background to fit around the kites and create a colour change. The text notes that this background can also be applied to the designs made in exercises 21 and 31, the Diagonal Cross and the Interlocking Square.
********** 35 *Flamme de navire : Ardt de Lorient – Triangle isocèle How to obtain an isosceles triangle from a rectangle. ********** 36 2 bonnets de magicien – Surface du triangle - The Magic Hat This exercise explains how to fold the Magic Hat and uses it as an isosceles tile.
********** 37 Flamme de navire : Ardt de Rochefort - How to Sum the Angles of a Triangle by Folding How to demonstrate that the angles of a triangle sum to 180 degrees by folding.
********** 38 Chapeau de gendarme – Triangle rectangle isocèle - The Pyramidal Hat How to fold the Pyramidal Hat.
********** 39 Cocotte – Surface composée - The Cocotte / Pajarita How to fold the Cocotte,
********** 40 Sachet des jardiniers – Surface composée - The Hexagonal Packet How to fold the Hexagonal Packet.
********** 41 Flamme de marine : Signal C – Triangle : Bissectrices des angles How to find the centre of a triangle by folding.
********** 42 Pointe de javelot – Triangles scalènes - Folded Paper Tiles How to fold and cut tiles in the shape of scalene triangles from a square and how to combine them to make various shapes.
********** 43 Croix de Malte – Triangles scalènes assemblés - Folded Paper Tiles THow to fold and cut dart-shaped tiles from squares and how to arrange them to form a Maltese Cross.
********** 44 Flamme de marine : Signal G – Triangles semblables How to combine two similar isosceles triangles of different sizes to create a flag. ********** 45 Symbole d'égalité – Triangle équilatéral - How to Construct an Equilateral Triangle How to obtain an equilateral triangle from an oblong and how to use two similar triangles of different sizes to create a 'symbol of equality'.
********** 46 Plaque de revêtement – Triangle équilatéral (suite) How to fold an equilateral triangle to obtain a decorative plaque.
********** 47 Pièce de carrelage – Octogone régulier - How to Construct a Regular Octagon How to fold a regular octagon from one square using another as a template.
********** 48 8 triangles en Rosace – Surface d’un polygone régulier - Folded Paper Tiles How to construct an regular octagon from eight isosceles tiles folded from squares.
********** 49 Carrés imbriqués en rosace – Octogone étoilé How to form an eight-pointed star by superimposing eight squares. ********** 50 Rose des vents – Octogone étoilé - Folded Paper Tiles How to construct an eight-pointed star from eight rhombic tiles folded from squares.
********** 51 8 carrés en Rosace – Octogone étoilé - Eight Squares How to create the Eight Squares design by combining two folded squares.
********** 52 Rosace à 8 pointes – Octogone étoilé - Eight Triangles How to convert Eight Squares into a similar design which we can call Eight Triangles.
********** 53 Motif de marqueterie – Hexagone régulier - How to Construct an Equilateral Triangle A second method of obtaining an equilateral triangle from an oblong and uses six as tiles to construct a regular hexagon.
********** 54 Etoile à dévider – Hexagone étoilé - The Two-Part Star of David How to combine two 'decorative plaques' (see exercise 46) to create a two-part Star of David.
********** 55 Pièce de carrelage – Angles au centre et angles inscrits - Folded Paper Tiles How to fold an oblong into a diamond tile and how to use three tiles to create a regular hexagon.
********** 56 Rosace décorative – Hexagone étoilé - The Non-Woven Star of David How to fold a Non-Woven Star of David from an equilateral triangle and how to fit two stars of different sizes together to create a compound decoration.
********** 57 Rosace polychrome - Mémento des couleurs fondamentales - The Six-Part Hexagonal Ring How to create a hexagonal ring from six identical modules.
********** 58 Pièce de carrelage – Hexagones comparés - How to Construct Stars of David How to fold and cut a hexagon from an oblong and then how to turn it into a Star of David using two further cuts.
********** 59 Rosace étoilée – Triangle et hexagone comparés - The Hexagonal Rosette How to fold a Hexagonal Rosette from a hexagon.
********** 60 Rosace étoilée – Comparaison de surfaces - The Hexagonal Rosette Star How to squash the flaps of the Hexagonal Rosette to creat a Hexagonal Rosette Star.
********** 61 Rosace étoilée – Comparaison d’angles - The Hexagonal Rosette Star How to narrow the points of the Hexagonal Rosette Star to create the Thin-Pointed Hexagonal Rosette Star.
********** 62 Moulin à 6 branches – Angles usuels - The Six-Armed Rotor How to obtain the Six-Armed Rotor from the Hexagonal Rosette.
********** 63 Nœud de papier – Pentagone régulier - The Pentagonal Knot How to fold the Pentagonal Knot.
********** 64 Etoile à 5 pointes – Pentagone étoilé - The Simple Fold and Cut Five-Pointed Star How to fold and cut a pentagon star from an oblong.
********** 65 Rosace à triple contour – La circonférence - How to Construct the Dodecagon How to construct a dodecagon from a hexagon.
********** 66 Cocarde tricolore – Calcul de la circonférence et du cercle This exercise gives the same method of constructing a dodecagon from a hexagon as the previous exercise. ********** 67 Dé à jouer – Le cube - The Two-Ring Cube How to construct a cube from two square-shaped rings.
********** 68 Boîte cubique – Evaluation des volumes - The Slit and Fold Cubic Box How to create a cubical box and lid by slitting and folding two squares.
********** 69 Boîte de pâtissier – Solide rectangulaire - The Patisserie Box How to fold a Patisserie Box.
********** 70 Boîte à fourreau – Volume et contenance - The Patisserie Box How to make a sleeve to fit over the Patisserie Box
********** 71 Jeu des 3 pyramides – La pyramide : son volume - The Cut and Fold Skew Pyramid How to make three pyramids that go together to form a cube.
********** 72 Pointe de clocher – Pyramide régulière - The Simple Fold and Cut Pyramid How to create a square-based pyramid from a square
********** 73 Pyramide à base indifférente – Tétraèdre régulier - The Fold and Cut Tetrahedron How to fold the net for a Regular Tetrahedron from a square.
********** Symmetrical Fold and Cut Designs The remaining exercises explain how to create various symmetrical designs by folding and cutting paper, and are not analysed in detail here 74 Feuillage ornemental – La symétrie ********** 75 Feuille ornementale – Découpage symétrique ********** 76 Feuille évidée – Ornement symétrique ********** 77 Mauve – Découpage symétrique ********** 78 Fleuron décoratif – Symétrie à un axe ********** 79 Panneau décoratif – Double symétrie ********** 80 Fleurette crucifère – Quadruple symétrie ********** 81 Perce-neige – Découpage à trois axes de symétrie ********** 82 Narcisse des poètes – Symétrie rayonnante ********** 83 Églantine – Symétrie rayonnante ********** |
|||||||
