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Last updated 8/12/2023

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Spiel und Arbeit by Hugo Elm, 1885
 
'Spiel und Arbeit' by Hugo Elm was published by Verlag und Drud der Otto Spamer in Leipzig. It is aimed at parents rather than teachers.but nevertheless (inter alia) contains what is effectively a manual of the Froebelian paperfolding occupations.

The Foreword (dated 1872) says: 'I have ... undertaken to offer you, German parents, ... the instruments for playing as proposed by Froebel and improved and expanded by his disciples.'

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I have not seen a copy of the first edition and do not know its publication date.

This page is based on a 'second revised and improved edition' which can be accessed online here and here (the latter instance lacking some plates - which were originally loose and held in a pocket at the back of the book). This second edition is also undated but according to the Catalogue of the German National Library dates to 1885.

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Analysis

Folds of Life

Some of these Folds of Life are mentioned in the text. Others only appear in illustrations.

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Ein Wurfpfeil (A Dart) - The Paper Dart

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Ein Schiff - The Paper Boat

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Ein Blasbag - The Bellows

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The Chinese Junk

Illustrated but not otherwise mentioned

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The Newspaper Hat

Mentioned as Ein Generalshut (A General's Hat)

 

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Schonheitsformen - Folds of Beauty

The text says 'All of these folded shapes found must be glued into a collection book'.

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Napkin / Serviette Folding

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Verschnuren

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Ausschneiden und Aufkleben

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Paper Rosettes

The text says, 'This also includes a very favourite activity which occurs in Thuringia under the name 'star-making'. The 'stars' obtained in this way are used as ornaments for the Christmas tree and used to decorate it.'

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Verschiedene Paparbeiten - Cardboard Modelling

Including How to Climb Through a Playing Card

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Das Flecten - Free Weaving

The Woven Cross

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Fold , Cut and Fold Chevron Designs

Chevron Trelisses

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The Chevron Basket

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Figurenratfel (Figure Puzzles)

The Crucifixion of Christ - The Fold and One Cut Latin Cross

The text says, roughly, 'The crucifixion of Christ, or rather the objects used in his crucifixion, can be made from a single sheet of paper: the main cross, the two secondary crosses, the plaque for the inscription, the two pedestals, the lots, and the spear.'

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